Browsing by Author "Algul, Yahya"

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Artificial Intelligence and Service, Industrial, and Agricultural Employment: Comprehensive International Macroeconomic Evidence
(Kafkas University IIBF, 2024) Algul, Yahya
Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) technology have revived concerns about technological unemployment. Regarding the issue, this study examines the impact of AI on employment rates across 17 leading AI countries from 1998 to 2017 using two panel econometric techniques, DOLS and FMOLS, to ensure robust results. For the first time, as far as is known, the effect of AI on employment in distinct sectors is analyzed separately. By uniquely combining different countries and sectors within a macroeconomic framework, this study provides a more comprehensive understanding through a total of eight estimates. The findings indicate that, according to both DOLS and FMOLS techniques, increased AI innovation may raise employment rates in the overall economy and in the service sector, while reducing employment rates in the industrial and agricultural sectors. Consequently, while AI positively impacts overall employment, considering industrial and agricultural sectors, employment policies should be adjusted to meet evolving needs in the AI era.
Assessing the Relationship Between Broad Gender Inequality and the Gender Unemployment Gap: Insights from an Extensive Global Macroeconometric Panel Analysis
(Springer Nature, 2024) Algul, Yahya
Various labor market policies have been implemented globally to create a more inclusive work environment for women. However, institutional and structural barriers rooted in the socioeconomic and cultural frameworks of countries often impede progress towards this goal, as outlined in Gender Equality Goal Five of the United Nations Development Goals. Gender inequality in employment is a multifaceted issue influenced by socioeconomic and sociocultural factors, which are affected by households, societies, institutions, and states. Consequently, even with a strong legal framework, desired outcomes may not be achieved if the social structure is not supportive. Therefore, institutional and structural factors often manifest as broader gender disparities within societies, leading to a parallel between gender inequality in society and in the workplace. In this context, this study, as far as is known, is the first to estimate the potential relationship between broader societal gender inequality, measured through a composite index including health, education, economic and political empowerment, and the gender unemployment gap. Additionally, in this context, it has been considered as a second model in the relationship between broader societal gender inequality and women's unemployment rate. Using data from 73 countries with varying sociocultural and economic development levels from 1990 to 2022, two models are estimated using the Panel Mean Group Estimator methodology. The findings indicate that as broader gender inequality increases, both female unemployment rates and the gender unemployment gap rise. Therefore, in addition to conventional policies, it is recommended to implement strategies that promote structural changes within society, enhance women's roles and status, and integrate gender equality principles through education. For the first time, the impact of broader gender inequality (BGI) on the female unemployment (FUR) and gender unemployment gap (GUG) is estimated.According to various estimations (BGI), across health, education, economic and political dimensions, may be associated with the (GUG) and (FUR).Addressing the GUG requires a comprehensive approach that goes beyond labor market policies to tackle socioeconomic dynamics.
Space Heating Preferences in Households: Nested Logit Model Approach in Turkey
(Elsevier Science SA, 2022) Karaaslan, Kubranur Cebi; Algul, Yahya; Karaaslan, Abdulkerim
Turkish economy with its robust growth performance over the last few decades has brought on the agenda the energy deficit problem together with ever-rising foreign account deficits. Since almost 80% of the energy demand is met through imported fossil resources. In this perspective, household fuel choice is crucial, since it makes up a substantial part of total energy demand. Furthermore, traditional fuels are important sources of indoor air pollution and related health hazards. For this reason, in this study the cross-sectional data obtained from the Household Budget Survey conducted by the Turkish Statistical Institute, containing a total of 47,573 households, is used. Multinomial Probit and Nested Logit models are utilized to determine the factors affecting Turkish household heating preferences. According to esti-mations, dwelling characteristics such as type, age, size and heating system of dwellings are generally found to be an important predictors of fuel choice. Moreover, household characteristics, such as income, education level, spending and saving habits, household size, employment status, marital status, and credit card ownership are generally found to be statistically significant factors. Finally, it is suggested that government support is important for a smooth transition from traditional fuels to modern fuels.(c) 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.