Browsing by Author "Atamanalp, Muhammed"

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Assessment of Hematotoxic, Oxidative and Genotoxic Damage Potentials of Fipronil in Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss, Walbaum
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2021) Ucar, Arzu; Parlak, Veysel; Cilingir Yeltekin, Asli; Ozgeris, Fatma Betul; Caglar, Ozge; Turkez, Hasan; Atamanalp, Muhammed
In this study, changes in the blood tissue of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum, 1792) caused by Fipronil (FP) insecticide were investigated using different biomarkers (Hematology parameters, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), malondialdehyde (MDA), paraoxonase (PON), arylesterase (ARE), myeleperoxidase (MPO), micronucleus (MN), 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG)) level and caspase-3 activity. Statistically significant alterations in hematology parameters occurred with FP effect. In blood tissue, dose-dependent inhibition was determined in SOD-CAT-GPX-PON and ARE enzyme activities, but MDA and MPO were induced statistically significant. The results of MN assay were compared with the control group and it was obtained that genotoxicity of different dose groups was similar. The level of 8-OHdG and the activity and caspase-3 examined in blood tissue was increased depending on the dose. It was determined with different biomarkers that this insecticide caused physiological stress changes in the tissues examined.
Borax Relieved the Acrylamide-Induced Hematotoxic, Hepatotoxic, Immunotoxic and Genotoxic Damages in Rainbow Trout by Regulating Apoptosis and Nrf2 Signaling Pathway
(Elsevier Science Inc, 2022) Atamanalp, Muhammed; Turkez, Hasan; Yeltekin, Asli Cilingir; Ozgeris, Fatma Betul; Ucar, Arzu; Caglar, Ozge; Alak, Gonca
Acrylamide(AA) is a compound with wide usage areas including paper, dyes, and plastics industries. Due to its broad spectrum and water solubility suggest that this vinyl compound may cause serious environmental problems. AA was shown to exhibit neurotoxic, immunotoxic, reproductive toxicant as well as carcinogenic potency on animals. Especially in recent years, the therapeutic effects of boron and boron containing compounds like borax(BX), ulexite(ULX) and colemanite(COL) had been reported. However, the ameliorative potential by boron compounds against AA-induced toxicities had not been investigated yet. Therefore, in this investigation rainbow trout were exposed acutely to AA in the presence and absence of BX. The hematological indices and genotoxic end-points were examined in the fish blood tissue. In addition to oxidative stress response, the levels of DNA damage, CASP3, TNF-alpha, Nrf-2 as well as IL-6 amounts were determined in both blood and liver tissues of fish. The obtained results executed that AA induced toxic conditions in both tissues. In fact, an increase in the amount of oxidative stress and ROS, and a decrease in GSH levels were observed. AA exposure led to an increase in CASP3levels and 8-OHdG formation. It was also found that Nrf-2 pathway contributed to the initiation of oxidative stress that associated with AA-induced toxicity. On the contrary, our findings indicated that co-exposure of BX with AA elicited oxidative stress and cell death. In a conclusion BX was suggested as a useful and effective natural agent for the prevention and early treatment of AA toxicity in fish.
Borax Supplementation Alleviates Hematotoxicity and DNA Damage in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) Exposed to Copper
(Humana Press Inc, 2019) Alak, Gonca; Parlak, Veysel; Arslan, Mehmet Enes; Ucar, Arzu; Atamanalp, Muhammed; Turkez, Hasan
Heavy metals have harmful effects on health of both ecosystems and organisms to their accumulation ability. Copper (Cu) is an essential element for organism survival, but EPA considers Cu as a priority pollutant. On the other hand, boron has well-defined biological effects in living organisms including cytoprotection and genoprotection, although borax (BX) metabolism is poorly described in fish. Moreover, the effects of boron supplementation against Cu-induced hematotoxicity and DNA damage in aquatic organisms are still undetermined. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to provide an overview of the strategy for therapeutic potential of BX against Cu exposure in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. For this aim, fish were fed with different doses of BX and/or copper (1.25, 2.5, and 5mg/kg of BX; 500 and 1000mg/kg of Cu) for 21days in pretreatment and combined treatment options. At the end of the treatments (pre and combined), the hematological index (total erythrocytes count (RBC), total leucocytes count (WBC), hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct), total platelet count (PLT), mean cell hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), mean cell hemoglobin (MCH), mean cell volume (MCV)), oxidative DNA damage (8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG)), and nuclear abnormalities in blood samples of treated and untreated fish were investigated. The statistically significant (p<0.05) and dose-dependent increases in hematological indices, 8-OH-dG level, and rates of nuclear abnormalities were observed after exposure to Cu in both treatment group fish as compared to untreated group. On the contrary, treatments with BX doses alone did not alter these hematological and DNA damage endpoints. Moreover, both pretreatment and combined treatments with BX significantly alleviated Cu-induced hematotoxicity and genotoxicity. In a conclusion, the obtained data firstly revealed that borax exhibited hematoprotective and genoprotective effects against copper-induced toxicity in fish.
Hematological and Hepatic Effects of Ulexite in Zebrafish
(Elsevier, 2020) Alak, Gonca; Ozgeris, Fatma Betul; Yeltekin, Asli Cilingir; Parlak, Veysel; Ucar, Arzu; Caglar, Ozge; Atamanalp, Muhammed
The ulexite (UX), a borate mineral, is used as boron source and commonly used in various industrial processes. The hematological and hepatic effects of UX were investigated by exposing adult zebrafish to UX (5, 10, 20 and 40 mg/L) over 96 hours. The blood and liver tissues were taken at the end of the trial period then micronucleus (MN) rates, oxidative DNA damage (8-OHdG), apoptosis (Caspase-3), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione pemxidase (GPx), myelopemxidase (MPO), paraoxonase (PON), arylesterase (AR) and lipid peroxidation (MDA) levels were determined. Genotoxic damage by UX occurred only at 40 mg/L in the blood MN assay. Oxidative stress, oxidative DNA damage and apoptosis in liver also occurred at this dose. Moreover, 5-20 mg/L doses led to decreases of DNA damage and apoptosis levels via promoting antioxidant system in liver tissues. UX exhibits beneficial roles on blood and liver tissues of zebrafish at relatively lower doses, which may be relevant to nutritional and medicinal industries.
Hematotoxic, Oxidative and Genotoxic Damage in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) After Exposure to 3-Benzoylpyridine
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2022) Parlak, Veysel; Ozgeris, Bunyamin; Ucar, Arzu; Yeltekin, Asli Cilingir; Ozgeris, Fatma Betul; Caglar, Ozge; Atamanalp, Muhammed
Pyridine is a basic heterocyclic organic compound. The pyridine ring is present in many important compounds, including agricultural chemicals, medicines and vitamins. Due to their widespread industrial use, bioaccumulation and non-target toxic effects are being considered as a great risk to human and environmental health. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the hematological, oxidative and genotoxic damage potentials by different concentrations (1, 1.5, and 2 g/L) of the ketone 3-Benzoylpyridine (3BP) on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Alterations in the biomarker levels of oxidative DNA damage (8-hydroxy-2 '-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG)), apoptosis (Caspase-3), malondialdehyde (MDA) as well as antioxidant enzyme activities including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), myeloperoxidase (MPO), paraoxonase (PON), and arylesterase (AR) were assessed in brain, liver, gill and blood tissues. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity was also determined in brain tissue. In addition, we analyzed micronucleus (MN) rates and hematological indices of total erythrocyte count (RBC), total leukocyte count (WBC), hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct), total platelet count (PLT), mean cell hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), mean cell hemoglobin (MCH), and mean cell volume (MCV) in blood. LC50-96h value of 3BP was calculated as 5.2 g/L from the data obtained. A significant decrease in brain AChE activity was determined in clear time and dose dependent manners. While SOD, CAT, GPx, PON, and AR levels were decreased, MDA, MPO, 8-OHdG and Caspase-3 levels were increased in all tissues (p < 0.05). Again, the 3BP led to increases of MN formation at all applied concentrations in the rates of between 45.4 and 72.7%. Significant differences (p < 0.05) were found out in between all studied hematology parameters between 3BP-exposed and the control fish. In conclusion, ours study firstly indicated that the treatment doses of 3BP induced distinct hematological and oxidative alterations as well as genotoxic damage in rainbow trout.
Magnetic Nanoparticles-Induced Neurotoxicity and Oxidative Stress in Brain of Rainbow Trout: Mitigation by Ulexite Through Modulation of Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antiapoptotic Activities
(Elsevier, 2022) Ucar, Arzu; Parlak, Veysel; Ozgeris, Fatma Betul; Yeltekin, Asli Cilingir; Arslan, Mehmet Enes; Alak, Gonca; Atamanalp, Muhammed
The prevalent exposition of metallic nanoparticles (MNPs) to the aquatic medium and their negative influence on human life is one of the major concerns global. Stress mechanization, as a non-specific and pervasive response, involves all physiological systems, particularly the closely interconnected neuroendocrine and immune systems. In this study, which was designed to obtain more data on the biological effects of ulexit, which prevents oxidative DNA damage by protecting against toxicity damage and offers new antioxidant roles. The concomitant use of ulexite (UX, as 18.75 mg/l) as a natural therapeutic agent against exposure to magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4-MNPs/0.013 ml/l) on Oncorhynchus mykiss was investigated for 96 h. The brain tissues were taken at the 48th and 96th hours of the trial period, the effects on neurotoxic, pro-inflammatory cytokine genes, antioxidant immune system, DNA and apoptosis mechanisms were analyzed. In the present study, it was determined that AChE activity and BDNF level in the brain tissue decreased over time in the Fe3O4-MNPs group compared to the control, and UX tried to depress this inhibition. While inhibition was determined in antioxidant system biomarkers (SOD, CAT, GPx, and GSH values), an induction was observed in lipid peroxidation indicators (MDA and MPO values) in Fe3O4-MNPs applied group. The same group data showed that TNF-alpha, IL-6, 8-OHdG and caspase-3 levels were increased, but Nrf-2 levels were decreased. The alterations in all biomarkers were found to be significant at the p < 0.05 level. In general, it was determined that Fe3O4-MNPs caused stress in O. mykiss and UX exhibited a positive effect on this stress management.
Mitigating Roles by Ulexite Against Acetylferrocene-Induced Hematotoxicity, Hepatotoxicity, Genotoxicity and Oxidative Stress in Oncorhynchus Mykiss
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2024) Ucar, Arzu; Parlak, Veysel; Caglar, Ozge; Yeltekin, Asli Cilingir; Ozgeris, Fatma Betul; Turkez, Hasan; Atamanalp, Muhammed
Acetyl ferrocene (AFC) is being used commonly in several industrial applications and scientific diciplines. Hence, in this study we aimed to determine the LC50 value of AFC, and evaluate the toxicity potential by AFC exposure on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) for 96 h. We also focused to investigate whether UX conferred a protection against AFC-induced toxic insults in fish. For this purpose, some stress related endpoints were measured in blood and liver tissues in a multibiomarker approach. The exposure to AFC observed inhibition/induction of hematological parameters by AFC was slowed down after co-application with UX and AFC. However, UX was found to be ineffective for minimising AFC-induced micronucleus formation after 96 h. Moreover, it was determined that supplementation with UX exhibited activity in favour of antioxidants and inhibited MDA / MPO levels. Again, time-dependent inhibition of Nrf-2 levels, stimulation of IL-6 and TNF-alpha levels by AFC were ameliorated after co-application with UX. Ultimately, administration with UX suppressed the accumulation of 8-OHdG adducts and caspase-3 levels as compared to only AFC treatment. In a conclusion UX exerted significant protection potency against AFC-induced hematotoxic, oxidative, genotoxic and cytotoxic damages, hence could be a new source of natural protective agents in environment.
Neutralization of Iron Oxide Magnetic Nanoparticle Aquatoxicity on Oncorhynchus Mykiss Via Supplementation with Ulexite
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2024) Ucar, Arzu; Arslan, Mehmet Enes; Yeltekin, Asli Cilingir; Ozgeris, Fatma Betul; Yildirim, Ozge Caglar; Parlak, Veysel; Atamanalp, Muhammed
Nowadays, the unique features of nanoparticles (NPs) have encouraged new applications in different areas including biology, medicine, agriculture, and electronics. Their quick joining into daily life not only enhances the uses of NPs in a wide range of modern technologies but also their release into the aquatic environment causes inevitable environmental concerns. On the other hand boron exhibits key physiological effects on biological systems. This research was designed for evaluating the toxicity of magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4-MNPs) on aquatic organisms and obtaining data for the information gap in this area. In this study, Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) was considered as an aquatic indicator, and trials were designed as Ulexite (a boron mineral, UX) treatment against exposure to Fe3O4-MNPs. Synthesized and characterized Fe3O4-MNPs were exposed to rainbow trouts in wide spectrum concentrations (0.005-0.08 mL/L) to analyze its lethal dose (LC50) and cytoprotective properties by UX treatment were assessed against Fe3O4-MNPs applications for 96 h. For the initial toxicity analysis, hematological parameters (blood cell counts) were examined in experimental groups and micronucleus (MN) assay was performed to monitor nuclear abnormalities after exposure to NPs. Biochemical analyzes in both blood and liver samples were utilized to assess antioxidant/oxidative stress and inflammatory parameters. Also, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) assay was used to investigate oxidative DNA lesions and Caspase-3 analysis was performed on both blood and liver tissues to monitor apoptotic cell death occurrence. When antioxidant enzymes in blood and liver tissue were examined, time-dependent decreases in activity were determined in SOD, CAT, GPx, and GSH enzymes, while increased levels of MDA and MPO parameters were observed in respect to Fe3O4-MNPs exposure. It was found that TNF-alpha, Il-6 levels were enhanced against Fe3O4-MNPs treatment, but Nrf-2 levels were decreased at the 46th and 96th h. In the 96th application results, all parameters were statistically significant (p < 0.05) in blood and liver tissue, except for the IL-6 results. It was determined that the frequency of MN, the level of 8-OHdG and caspase-3 activity increased in respect to Fe3O4-MNPs exposure over time. Treatment with UX alleviated Fe3O4-MNPs-induced hematotoxic and hepatotoxic alterations as well as oxidative and genetic damages. Our findings offer strong evidence for the use of UX as promising, safe and natural protective agents against environmental toxicity of magnetite nanoparticles.