Browsing by Author "Cacciatore, I."

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Gold Nanoparticles as Scaffolds for Poor Water Soluble and Difficult to Vehiculate Antiparkinson Codrugs
(Iop Publishing Ltd, 2017) Di Crescenzo, A.; Cacciatore, I.; Petrini, M.; D'Alessandro, M.; Petragnani, N.; Del Boccio, P.; Fontana, A.
We report the facile and non-covalent preparation of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) stabilized by an antiparkinson codrug based on lipoic acid (LA). The obtained AuNPs appear stable in both dimethyl sulfoxide and fetal bovine serum and able to load an amount of codrug double the weight of gold. These NPs were demonstrated to be safe and biocompatible towards primary human blood cells and human neuroblastoma cells, one of the most widely used cellular models to study dopaminergic neural cells, therefore are ideal drug carriers for difficult to solubilize molecules. Very interestingly, the codrug-stabilized AuNPs were shown to reduce the accumulation of reactive oxygen species in SH-SY5Y cells treated with LD and did not change total oxidant status levels in cultured human blood cells, thus confirming the antioxidant role of LA although bound to AuNPs. The characterization of AuNPs in terms of loading and stability paves the way for their use in biomedical and pharmacological applications.
Synthesis and Antioxidant Properties of Novel Memantine Derivatives
(Bentham Science Publishers B.V., 2017) Fornasari, E.; Marinelli, L.; Di Stefano, A.; Eusepi, P.; Türkez, H.; Fulle, S.; Cacciatore, I.
Background: Medicinal chemistry methodologies are presently used to develop multifunctional molecules which simultaneously reduce oxidative stress, excito toxicity, metal dyshomeostasis, and neuroinflammation that characterize neuropathological conditions, such as Alzheimer’s Disease. Results: Memantine (MEM) derivatives 1-6 were designed and synthesized as novel multifunctional entities with antioxidant and neuroprotective capabilities to manage neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s Disease. In vitro neuroprotective studies were performed by using astroglial GL15 cell line to assess antioxidant capability of MEM derivatives 1-6. Conclusion: Our outcomes showed that compounds 1 and 5 (at the concentration of 10 fiM), containing as antìoxidant portion residues of N-acetyl-Cys-OH and N-acetyl-Cys(AlIyI)-OH, respectively, revealed a significant neuroprotective activity against oxidative stress, as assessed by NBT assays. © 2017, Bentham Science Publishers B.V. All Rights Resreved.
Synthesis and in Vitro Toxicity Assessment of Different Nano-Calcium Phosphate Nanoparticles
(Instituto de Tecnologia do Parana, 2022) Başak, T.; Hasan, T.; Feray, B.; Enes, A.M.; Abdulgani, T.; Cacciatore, I.; Adil, M.
Nanoscale biomaterials are commonly used in a wide range of biomedical applications such as bone graft substitutes, gene delivery systems, and biologically active agents. On the other hand, the cytotoxic potential of these particles hasn't yet been studied comprehensively to understand whether or not they exert any negative impact on the cellular structures. Here, we undertook the synthesis of beta-tricalcium phosphate (ß-TCP) and biphasic tricalcium phosphate (BCP) nanoparticles (NPs) and determine their concentration-dependent toxic effects in human fetal osteoblastic (hFOB 1.19) cell line. Firstly, BCP and β-TCP were synthesized using a water-based precipitation technique and characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Raman Spectroscopy, and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The cytological effects of β-TCP and BCP at different concentrations (0-640 ppm) were evaluated by using 3- (4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl) -2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays. The total oxidative status (TOS) parameter was used for investigating oxidative stress potentials of the NPs. In addition, the study assessed the DNA damage product 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-Oxo-dG) level in hFOB 1.19 cell cultures. The results indicated that the β-TCP (above 320 ppm) and BCP (above 80 ppm) NPs exhibited cytotoxicity effects on high concentrations. It was also observed that the oxidative stress increased relatively as the concentrations of NPs increased, aligning with the cytotoxicity results. However, the NPs concentrations of 160 ppm and above increased the level of 8-OH-dG. Consequently, there is a need for more systematic in vivo and in vitro approaches to the toxic effects of both nanoparticles. © 2022. by the authors. All Rights Reserved.
Toxicity Assessment of Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles in Rat Liver Cell Model in Vitro
(Sage Publications Ltd, 2016) Sonmez, E.; Cacciatore, I.; Bakan, F.; Turkez, H.; Mohtar, Y. I.; Togar, B.; Stefano, A. D.
Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HAP NPs) are widely used for preparations of biomedical and biotechnological fields such as drug delivery, gene therapy, and molecular imaging. However, the current toxicological knowledge about HAP NPs is relatively limited. The present study was designed to investigate the toxicity potentials of various concentrations (0-1000 mu g cm(-2)) of HAP NPs in cultured primary rat hepatocytes. Cell viability was detected by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl) 2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, while total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total oxidative stress (TOS) levels were determined to evaluate the oxidative injury. The DNA damage was also analyzed via scoring liver micronuclei rates and determining 8-oxo-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG) levels. The results of MTT and LDH assays showed that the higher concentrations of dispersed HAP NPs (300, 500, and 1000 mu g cm(-2)) decreased cell viability. Also, HAP NPs increased TOS (500 and 1000 mu g cm(-2)) levels and decreased TAC (300, 500, and 1000 mu g cm(-2)) levels in cultured hepatocytes. On the basis of increasing doses, the NPs as depending on dose caused significant increases of the number of micronucleated hepatocytes and 8-OH-dG levels as compared to control culture. Furthermore, the highest concentration of HAP NPs (1000 mu g cm(-2)) exhibited cytotoxic activity. Based on these results, HAP NPs have a dose-dependent toxic effect in rat hepatocytes. Further extensive research in this field is promising and reasonable.