Browsing by Author "Celik, Kubra"

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Ameliorative Effect of Supplementation with L-Glutamine on Oxidative Stress, DNA Damage, Cell Viability and Hepatotoxicity Induced by 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo in Rat Hepatocyte Cultures
(Springer, 2012) Turkez, Hasan; Geyikoglu, Fatime; Yousef, Mokhtar I.; Celik, Kubra; Bakir, Tulay O.
The most potent of the dioxins, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), is a persistent and ubiquitous environmental contaminant. And the health impact of exposure to TCDD is of great concern to the general public. Recent data indicate that l-glutamine (Gln) has antioxidant properties and may influence hepatotoxicity. The objective of the present study was undertaken to explore the effectiveness of Gln in alleviating the hepatotoxicity of TCDD on primary cultured rat hepatocytes. Gln (0.5, 1 and 2 mM) was added to cultures alone or simultaneously with TCDD (0.005 and 0.01 mM). The hepatocytes were treated with TCDD and Gln for 48 h. Then cell viability was detected by [3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl) 2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] (MTT) assay and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, while total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total glutathione (TGSH) and total oxidative stress (TOS) levels were determined to evaluate the oxidative injury. The DNA damage was also analyzed by liver micronucleus assay (MN) and 8-oxo-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG). The results of MTT and LDH assays showed that TCDD decreased cell viability but not l-glutamine. TCDD also increased TOS level in rat hepatocytes and significantly decreased TAC and TGSH levels. On the basis of increasing doses, the dioxin in a dose-dependent manner caused significant increases of micronucleated hepatocytes (MNHEPs) and 8-OH-dG as compared to control culture. Whereas, in cultures exposured with Gln alone, TOS levels were not changed and TAC and TGSH together were significantly increased in dose-dependent fashion. The presence of Gln with TCDD modulated the hepatotoxic effects of TCDD on primary hepatocytes cultures. Noteworthy, Gln has a protective effect against TCDD-mediated DNA damages. As conclusion, we reported here an increased potential therapeutic significance of l-glutamine in TCDD-mediated hepatic injury for the first time.
Assessment of Element Concentration Distribution in Different Rat Organs by Wavelength Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence: Effects of Aluminum Chloride
(Parlar Scientific Publications (p S P), 2018) Akbaba, Ugur; Arslan, M. Enes; Celik, Kubra; Turkez, Hasan; Akbaba, G. Bugra
Aluminum (Al) is present on earth surface has different chemical forms. It is a toxic metal and it may cause different disorders such as osteomalacia, microcytic anemia, Alzheimer and Parkinson's disease. Thus, it is very important to understand the effects of Al on different organs. In order to examine its accumulation, rats (male Wistar) were exposed to 5 mg/kg/day AlC1(3) through gavage method for 30 days. At the end of the process, heart, brain, kidney and skin were removed and dried under sunlight. The samples were analyzed on a sequential Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometer. The results indicate that Al accumulates significantly in the brain. These results can be associated with neurotoxin effects. Although this study focused on the accumulation of Al, the concentration changes of detected elements from Beryllium (Be) to Uranium (U) accumulations were analyzed. The current study has proved that the WDXRF method is a quick, inexpensive and effective method in toxicological studies.
Biosafety Evaluation of Nanoparticles in View of Genotoxicity and Carcinogenicity Studies: A Systematic Review
(Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2013) Turkez, Hasan; Celik, Kubra; Cakmak, Bulent
Nanoparticles (NPs) are used in various forms in consumer products including, cosmetics, food packaging, textiles and also in air and water cleaning, production of electro chromic windows, or smart windows and gas sensors. Many NPs have also been evaluated for potential use in biomedical applications as efficient delivery carriers for cancer diagnosis and therapy. Nowadays, NPs are being developed to create fascinating nanotechnology products. To develop NPs for broad applications, potential risks to human health and the environment should be evaluated and taken into consideration. Again, to translate these nanomaterials to the clinic and industrial domains, their biosafety needs to be verified, particularly in terms of genotoxic and carcinogenic effects. To evaluate evidenced-based practices for NPs safety, we performed a systematic review of the published English-language literature. We performed a systematic keyword search of PubMed for original research articles pertaining to reports on assessment of risks due to carcinogenic and mutagenic effects by different NPs. We identified 362 original articles available for analysis. The included studies were published between 1993 and 2012. The in vivo or in vitro genotoxicity studies were performed on only 18 out of 148 kinds of NPs in industry today. Likewise, the carcinogenicity investigations were performed on only 14 out of 148 NPs. The 10 types of the NPs including some titanium, aluminium, carbon black and silver molecules were found to have both mutagenic and carcinogenic potential. The important finding was also that there is a lack of systematic assessment of the DNA damaging and carcinogenic potential of NPs in spite of their extensive use in nanotechnological applications.
Effects of Copaene, a Tricyclic Sesquiterpene, on Human Lymphocytes Cells in vitro
(Springer, 2014) Turkez, Hasan; Celik, Kubra; Togar, Basak
In this study, the cytotoxic, genotoxic/antigenotoxic and antioxidant/oxidant activity of copaene (COP), a plant-derived tricyclic sesquiterpene, on human lymphocyte cultures (n = 5) was investigated. COP was added into culture tubes at various concentrations (0, 10, 25, 50, 100, 200 and 400 mg/L). While the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays were used for viability and cytotoxic evaluations, the micronucleus (MN) and sister chromatid exchange (SCE) assays were used for genetic evaluations. Moreover, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total oxidative status analysis were used for biochemical evaluations. According to LDH and MTT assays COP significantly reduced cell proliferation at high concentrations (200 and 400 mg/L). In addition, there was no significant increase (P < 0.05) in both SCE and MN frequencies of cultures treated with COP as compared to controls. We have also concluded that concentrations of COP of 50 and 100 mg/L increased TAC level when compared to the controls. In conclusion, in this study it has been reported for the first time that copaene is not genotoxic and it increases the antioxidant capacity in human lymphocyte cultures.
Evaluation of the Potential in Vivo Genotoxicity of Tungsten (Vi) Oxide Nanopowder for Human Health
(Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2013) Turkez, Hasan; Cakmak, Bulent; Celik, Kubra
Tungsten (VI) oxide particles (WO3, <100 nm particle size) are used for many purposes including production of electro chromic windows, or smart windows, x-ray screen phosphors and gas sensors in everyday life. However, the carcinogenic and genotoxic potential of this nanomaterial have not been sufficiently evaluated. Therefore, the genotoxic potential of WO3 was examined in Sprague-Dawley rat bone marrow cells by using mitotic index (MI), micronucleus (MN) and chromosome aberrations (CA) assays. Rats were orally gavaged with a single dose of WO3 (0, 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg) for 30 days. All WO3 treatments significantly decreased MI rates as compared to the control group. No increase in the incidence of CA was observed at any WO3 nanoparticle dose in the CA test although MN formation was significantly (P<0.05) increased for 50 and 100 mg/kg doses. The observed alterations in MN and MI parameters reveal that WO3 has cytotoxic and genotoxic potential and could pose environmental and human health risk.
Hepatoprotective Potential of Astaxanthin Against 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo in Cultured Rat Hepatocytes
(Sage Publications Inc, 2014) Turkez, Hasan; Geyikoglu, Fatime; Yousef, Mokhtar I.; Togar, Basak; Gurbuz, Hasan; Celik, Kubra; Polat, Zuhal
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of carotenoid astaxanthin (ASTA) on cultured primary rat hepatocytes treated with 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) on the cell viability (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide, MTT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, 8-oxo-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and total oxidative stress (TOS) levels, and liver micronucleus rates. ASTA (2.5, 5, and 10 mu M) was added to cultures alone or simultaneously with TCDD (5 and 10 mu M) for 48h. The results of MTT and LDH assays showed that both doses of TCDD caused significant decrease in cell viability. Also, TCDD significantly increased TOS and decreased TAC level in rat hepatocytes. On the basis of increasing doses, the dioxin caused significant increase in micronucleated hepatocytes) and 8-OH-dG level as compared to control culture. The presence of ASTA with TCDD minimized its effects on primary hepatocytes cultures and DNA damages.
In Vitro Cytotoxic, Genotoxic and Antioxidant/Oxidant Effects of Guaiazulene on Human Lymphocytes
(Inst Tecnologia Parana, 2015) Togar, Basak; Celik, Kubra; Turkez, Hasan
The aim of this study was to evaluate for the cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and antioxidant/oxidant activity of GYZ on human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs). Guaiazulene (GYZ) was added into culture tubes at various concentrations (0-400 mu g/mL(-1)). Cytotoxicity against the human lymphocytes cultures was examined by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay. The proliferative response was estimated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Antioxidant/oxidant activity was evaluated by measuring the total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels. Micronucleus (MN) and chromosomal aberration (CA) tests were used in genotoxicity studies. The results showed that GYZ caused cytotoxicity in the PBLs at high concentrations, but TOS level were not affected, while the level of TAC was significantly increased. GYZ also did not induce chromosomal aberrations when compared to that of the control group. Results this study clearly revealed that GYZ was not genotoxic and also increased the capacity of the antioxidant in the culture of human PBL cells. This report is first report on the impact of GYZ on human PBL cells.
In Vitro Cytotoxic, Genotoxic, and Oxidative Effects of Acyclic Sesquiterpene Farnesene
(TÜBİTAK Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2014) Celik, Kubra; Togar, Basak; Turkez, Hasan; Taspinar, Numan
Farnesene (FNS) is an acyclic sesquiterpene. It has a wide range of important biological effects such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antifungal properties, although its cytotoxic, cytogenetic, and oxidative effects have not been investigated in human blood tissue yet. To this aim, both MTT and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays were carried out to evaluate cell viability and cytotoxicity. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total oxidative stress (TOS) parameters were used to assess oxidative alterations. In addition, micronucleus and chromosomal aberration tests were used for mutagenic and genotoxic studies. The results revealed that FNS reduced cell viability at concentrations of higher than 100 mu g/mL. All tested concentrations of FNS were found to be nongenotoxic. In addition, the in vitro treatments with FNS led to increases of TAC levels in cultured blood cells without changing TOS levels as compared to the control group. Our results demonstrate that FNS could be used as an antioxidant compound resource that may have applications in the food and drug industries.
In Vitro Study of Human Lymphocytes Cytological and Biochemical Effects by Zingiberene
(Taylor & Francis Inc, 2014) Turkez, Hasan; Togar, Basak; Celik, Kubra
In this study, the cytological and biochemical effects of zingiberene (ZBN) on human lymphocytes cultures were investigated. The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays were used for viability and cytotoxic evaluations. Micronucleus (MN) and chromosomal aberration (CA) tests were used for genetic evaluations. Moreover, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total oxidative status (TOS) analyses were used for biochemical evaluations. Utilizing the MTT and LDH assays, the cytotoxicity of ZBN was determined on lymphocyte cultures and the short-term lymphocyte cultures were incubated with various doses of the ZBN; the results demonstrated that the growth of lymphocytes cells was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, MNs and CAs in lymphocytes were not influenced by exposure to ZBN. Moreover, ZBN treatment caused increases in TAC levels in human lymphocytes without changing TOS levels. In conclusion, ZBN could be used as a suggested natural antioxidant for therapeutic, pharmaceutical and food applications.
Investigation of in Vitro Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity of Wintergreen Oil in Rat Primary Neurons and N2a Neuroblastoma Cells
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2016) Celik, Kubra; Turkez, Hasan
Wintergreen oil is obtained from the leaves of a Gaultheria procumbens and is commonly used as a folk remedy. On the other hand neuroblastoma is a childhood cancer of the sympathetic nervous system that originates from developing neural crest cells and is the second most common solid tumour. It was aimed to investigate the biological activity of Wintergreen oil on primary rat healthy neuron and N2a neuroblastoma cell in relation with concentration for the first time in the extent of this study. The effects of Wintergreen oil at various concentrations (0-400 mg/L) on cell proliferation were determined on both cell culture types by 3-(4,5 dimetylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5 diphenltetrazolium bromide assay. And total antioxidant capacity and total oxidative stress parameters were used for the assessments of in vitro oxidative effects. In addition, the genetic effect of Wintergreen oil on healthy and cancerous brain cells was assessed by single cell gel electrophoresis (or Comet assay). Our results clearly revealed that Wintergreen oil exhibited antioxidant activities at their low concentrations and cytotoxic at high concentrations. The mean values of the total scores of cells showing DNA damage (for Comet assay) was not found significantly different from the control values in both cell types. Again, Wintergreen oil showed weak anticarcinogenic activity against neuroblastoma cells. In conclusion, within the light of the findings of this in vitro study, it is possible to denote that Wintergreen oil has low potential in cancer prevention and therapy.