Browsing by Author "Selvitopi, Zeynep"

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Biological Control of Oligia Latruncula (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) Using Cladosporium Sp.: Evaluation of Virulence and Efficacy
(Springer Int Publ Ag, 2024) Selvitopi, Zeynep; As, Yasemin; Eroglu, Gozde Busra
Entomopathogenic fungi are important microbial agents that help keep agricultural and forest pests below the economic damage threshold. In August 2023, spontaneously dead and infected with Cladosporium sp. sclerotic bodies of Oligia latruncula (Denis & Schifferm & uuml;ller, 1775) larvae were found in the grass field in Erzurum, T & uuml;rkiye. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the Turkish isolate of Cladosporium sp. clustered with the Brazilian isolate. The third instar healthy O. latruncula larvae were sprayed with five different doses of fungus (2,3 x 105 to 2,3 x 109 conidia/mL- 1) and the mortality rate at the end of 14 days was determined as 100% for the highest dose. As a result of this experiment, it was determined that the LD50 value was determined to be 2.87 x 105 conidia/ mL- 1. In this study, for the first time, an entomopathogenic fungus was isolated from the larvae of the grass pest O. latruncula, and its virulence was demonstrated. This identified an effective and important microbial agent for the biocontrol of harmful larvae. This study will shed light on further studies to develop a new mycoinsecticide through the mass production of Cladosporium sp. against O. latruncula larvae.
Erzurum, Türkiye Bal Arılarında Karışık Virüs Enfeksiyonunun Belirlenmesi
(2023) Eroglu, Gozde Busra; Selvitopi, Zeynep
Bal arıları tarımsal ürünlerin en önemli tozlaştırıcılarıdır. Özellikle bal arısı popülasyonunun büyük bir çoğunluğunu oluşturan işçi arılar bal, polen, propolis, arı sütü, arı zehri ve bal mumu gibi oldukça çeşitli ve ekonomik değeri yüksek ürünler üretmektedir. Türkiye’nin Doğu Anadolu bölgesindeki arıcılık faaliyetlerinin yoğun olarak gerçekleştirildiği Erzurum ilinde yetiştirilen bal arılarında toplu ölümler görülmektedir. Erzurum ili bal arılarında görülen salgın hastalıklar arıcılık faaliyetlerinin gelişimini ve ilerlemesini oldukça olumsuz etkilemektedir. Arılarda salgın oluşturarak ani ölüm ve koloni kayıplarına yol açan hastalıkların büyük bir çoğunluğu viral kaynaklıdır. Bu çalışmada Erzurum ili bal arılarında ölüme neden olan viral patojenler araştırılmış ve siyah kraliçe hücre virüsü ve deforme kanat virüsü olmak üzere iki adet bal arısı virüsünün yoğun salgına neden olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca filogenetik analizler bu çalışmada bulunan tüm BQCV izolatlarının daha önce Türkiye’den izole edilen BQCV izolatlarına oldukça uzak kümelendiğini, DWV izolatlarının ise Hakkari ve Lithuania izolatlarına yakın kümelendiğini ortaya koymuştur.
Two Novel Densoviruses from Storage Pests Insects (Zophobas Morio and Tenebrio Molitor) in Türkiye: Genomic and Ultrastructural Comparison
(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2025) As, Yasemin; Selvitopi, Zeynep; Eroglu, Gozde Busra
Densoviruses are small, linear, single-stranded DNA viruses that are 18-28 nm in size and can be filtered. Densoviruses are also known as the 'black wasting virus' because they cause acute infections in their hosts, causing them to turn black and die. In this study, densoviruses were isolated for the first time from the larvae of the storage pests Tenebrio molitor and Zophobas morio in T & uuml;rkiye. Although both warehouse pests are consumed as pet food and, in some countries, as human food, they are known to cause respiratory problems such as asthma, anaphylaxis, and separation anxiety. Isolated viruses in this study, named TmDNV-TR and ZmDNV-TR, respectively. Morphological and molecular characterizations of both isolates were performed. Transmission electron microscopy analyses showed that the viruses had a circular inclusion morphology with mean diameters of 22.19 nm (ZmDNV-TR) and 28.95 nm (TmDNV-TR), and TmDNV-TR was significantly larger than ZmDNV-TR. Genomic analysis revealed that the 5467 bp region contained five open reading frames (ORFs) in both viral genomes. The genomic similarity between the isolates was found to be 98.92% and there were amino acid variations, particularly in non-structural 3 (ns3). Interestingly, the phylogenetic tree based on the ZmDNV-TR genome sequence and the results of the Kimura-2 parameter analysis showed a close relationship with a Blattella germenica densovirus. When the genome was digested in silico with restriction enzymes (BsmAI, ApeKI, and BbvI), it was observed that there was an excess of bands in ZmDNV-TR compared to TMDNV-TR for all three enzymes. In this study, for the first time, two different densovirus isolates were obtained from the same insect breeding farm and compared in terms of both structural size and genomics. The spontaneous death of many insects in the breeding farm suggests that this epidemic is vertically transmitted and may be an ideal biological control agent.