BRICS-T Ülkelerinde Sanayi Sektörüne Yönelik Doğrudan Yabancı Yatırım Girişlerinin Belirleyicileri
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Date
2024
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Abstract
Doğrudan yabancı yatırımlar, küresel sermayenin serbestleşmesinin ardından ülkelerarası ilişkilerde sıklıkla kullanılan bir yatırım türüdür. Doğrudan yabancı yatırımların ülke içinde devam etmesi veya ülkeye girişi hususunda sosyal, politik, iktisadi ve sosyolojik faktörlerin etkisi bulunmaktadır. Bu faktörler yatırımcı için çekici ve itici faktörler olarak ikiye ayrılmaktadır. Bu bağlamda çalışmanın amacı BRICS-T ülkelerinde sanayi sektörüne yönelik doğrudan yabancı yatırım girişlerini belirleyen faktörlerin analiz edilmesidir. Bu doğrultuda, 2010-2022 yılları arasında BRICS-T ülkelerine ait sanayi sektörüne yapılan doğrudan yabancı yatırım miktarları bağımlı değişken; iş gücü maliyetleri, GSYİH, reel efektif döviz kuru, ekonomi politikası belirsizliği, ticari açıklık ile hammadde ve doğal kaynak geliri verileri bağımsız değişkenler olarak kullanılarak kurulan ekonometrik model panel veri analizi yöntemiyle test edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular doğrultusunda BRICS-T ülkelerinde sanayi sektörüne yönelik DYY girişleri ile iş gücü maliyeti, ticari açıklık ve reel efektif döviz kuru değişkenlerinin anlamlı ve negatif; GSYİH değişkeninin ise anlamlı ve pozitif bir ilişkiye sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca ekonomi politikası belirsizliği ile hammadde ve doğal kaynak geliri değişkenlerinin çalışmada istatistiksel açıdan anlamsız olduğu görülmüştür. Anahtar Kelimeler: BRICS-T, Doğrudan Yabancı Yatırım, Sanayi, Panel Veri Analizi
Foreign direct investment is a type of investment that is frequently used in inter-country relations following the liberalization of global capital. Social, political, economic and sociological factors have an impact on the continuation or entry of foreign direct investments in a country. These factors are divided into two as attractive and repulsive factors for investors. In this context, the aim of the study is to analyze the determinants of FDI inflows to the industrial sector in BRICS-T countries. In this direction, the econometric model established by using the amount of foreign direct investment in the industrial sector of BRICS-T countries between 2010-2022 as the dependent variable and labor costs, GDP, real effective exchange rate, economic policy uncertainty, trade openness and raw material and natural resource income data as independent variables was tested by panel data analysis method. According to the findings, labor cost, trade openness and real effective exchange rate variables have a significant and negative relationship with FDI inflows to the industrial sector in BRICS-T countries, while GDP variable has a significant and positive relationship. In addition, economic policy uncertainty and raw material and natural resource income variables were found to be statistically insignificant in the study. Keywords: BRICS-T, Foreign Direct Investment, Industry, Panel Data Analysis
Foreign direct investment is a type of investment that is frequently used in inter-country relations following the liberalization of global capital. Social, political, economic and sociological factors have an impact on the continuation or entry of foreign direct investments in a country. These factors are divided into two as attractive and repulsive factors for investors. In this context, the aim of the study is to analyze the determinants of FDI inflows to the industrial sector in BRICS-T countries. In this direction, the econometric model established by using the amount of foreign direct investment in the industrial sector of BRICS-T countries between 2010-2022 as the dependent variable and labor costs, GDP, real effective exchange rate, economic policy uncertainty, trade openness and raw material and natural resource income data as independent variables was tested by panel data analysis method. According to the findings, labor cost, trade openness and real effective exchange rate variables have a significant and negative relationship with FDI inflows to the industrial sector in BRICS-T countries, while GDP variable has a significant and positive relationship. In addition, economic policy uncertainty and raw material and natural resource income variables were found to be statistically insignificant in the study. Keywords: BRICS-T, Foreign Direct Investment, Industry, Panel Data Analysis
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Ekonomi, BRICS-T, Doğrudan Yabancı Sermaye Yatırımları, Endüstri Sektörü, Economics, BRICS-T, Foreign Direct Investments, Industry Sector
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153
