Sağlıkta Dürtme Uygulamaları: Tip 2 Diyabet Üzerine Deneysel Bir Çalışma
Loading...

Date
2025
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Open Access Color
OpenAIRE Downloads
OpenAIRE Views
Abstract
Dürtme Teorisi, Thaler ve Sunstein tarafından geliştirilen, bireylerin seçim özgürlüğünü kısıtlamadan küçük düzenlemelerle kararlarını öngörülebilir şekilde etkileyen bir teoridir. Teori sağlık, eğitim ve finans gibi birçok alanda uygulanmıştır. Bu araştırma, Tip 2 diyabet tanılı bireylere telefon uygulamalı interaktif izlem yöntemiyle uygulanan 'Dürtme'nin, hastalığın takip ve tedavisine katkısının olup olmadığını tespit etmek amacıyla kontrol gruplu müdahale çalışması olarak planlanmıştır. Diyabetli bireylere yönelik dürtme müdahalelerini inceleyen birçok çalışma bulunmasına rağmen, bu müdahaleleri telefon aracılığıyla interaktif bir biçimde ele alan herhangi bir çalışmaya rastlanmamıştır. Bu yönüyle çalışma, literatüre özgün bir katkı sunmaktadır. Deney grubunda 29 ve kontrol grubunda 30 hasta seçilmiştir. Hastalara demografik özelliklerini ve Sağlıkta İnanç Ölçeği'ni içeren bir anket uygulanmıştır. Anket uygulanırken 'sürü psikolojisi etkisi' nden yararlanılmıştır. Deney grubundaki hastalara ayrıca 'hale etkisi' ne yönelik bir anket daha uygulanmıştır. Her iki grubun 0,3 ve 6 aylık HGA1C, HDL ve LDL kan değerleri takip edilmiştir. Ayrıca deney grubuna 6 ay boyunca hatırlatıcı mesajlar gönderilmiş ve hastaların adım sayısı, su miktarı ve ilaçlarını düzenli kullanım bilgileri raporlanmıştır. Raporun bilgilerinden yararlanılarak 'sosyal dürtme etkisi' test edilmiştir. Veriler SPSS 30 paket programı ile analiz edilmiştir. HGA1C, HDL ve LDL bağımsız değişkenlerinin her biri ayrı ayrı analiz edilmiş ve bağımsız değişkenlerin hepsinde sabit etkili değişkenler için 'zaman ve gruplar', rastgele etkili değişkenler için 'hastalar' seçilmiştir. Ayrıca deney grubunda kovaryans türü değişkenler için 'adım sayısı, içilen su miktarı ve ilaçları düzenli kullanma durumu' seçilmiştir. Bağımsız değişkenlerin zaman ve gruplara göre farkı Doğrusal Etkili Karma Model (Linear Mixed Model) ile analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonuçlarına göre Dürtme uygulanan deney grubunda sürü psikolojisi etkisi geçerli olmuştur. Araştırmacının anket sorularını sesli okumasından sonra bu gruptaki hastaların puanlarının ortalaması 19,33'ten 19,13'e düşmüştür. Ayrıca bu gruptaki hastaların tamamı 'hale etkisi' sebebiyle araştırmayı kabul etmişlerdir. Deney Grubundaki hastalar 'sosyal dürtme etkisi' den etkilenerek adım sayısı ve su içim miktarlarını artırmışlardır. Bunlara ek olarak dürtme uygulanan gruptaki hastaların HGA1C değeri için başlangıçtaki ölçüm ile üçüncü ölçüm arasında ortalama 1,988 birimlik bir azalma, HDL değeri için 7,157 birimlik anlamlı bir artış ve LDL değeri için 37,751 birimlik anlamlı azalış yaşanmıştır. 1 hasta retionapati komplikasyonu sebebiyle çalışmadan çıkarılmıştır. Ayrıca Dürtme uygulanan diyabetli hastaların insülin harcamaları (8,711,89 TL ile 12,224,74 TL'den 5,543,93 TL ile 7,779,38 TL'ye) azalmıştır.
The nudge theory developed by Thaler and Sunstein is a theory that influences the decisions of individuals through minor adjustments in a predictable way without restricting their freedom of choice. The theory has been applied in many areas such as health, education and finance. This research was designed as a controlled intervention study to determine whether 'nudging,' implemented via an interactive mobile phone follow-up method, contributes to the monitoring and treatment of individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Although many studies have investigated nudge interventions in diabetic patients, no study has yet been found that looks at these interventions in an interactive way via mobile phones. The study thus fills a significant gap in the literature and offers a new perspective. A total of 59 patients were selected — 29 for the experimental group and 30 for the control group. The patients were given a questionnaire with demographic characteristics and the Health Belief Scale. The 'herd effect' was used to administer the questionnaire. In addition, patients in the experimental group were given a separate questionnaire on the 'halo effect'. The HbA1c, HDL and LDL blood levels of the two groups were monitored after 0, 3 and 6 months. Reminder messages were sent to the experimental group over a period of six months, and data was collected on the number of steps taken by the patients, daily water intake and regular intake of medication. The data from these reports were used to test the effect of social nudging. The data were analysed using the SPSS 30 software package. Each of the independent variables — HbA1c, HDL and LDL — was analysed separately. 'Time and groups' were selected for the variables with a fixed effect and 'patients' for the variables with a random effect. In the experimental group, the number of steps, water intake and regular medication intake were selected as covariates. The differences between the independent variables over time and between the groups were analysed using the linear mixed model (LMM). According to the results of the study, the herding effect was found to be valid in the experimental group that received the nudge intervention. After the researcher read the questions aloud, the average score of the patients in this group decreased from 19.33 to 19.13. In addition, all patients in this group agreed to participate in the study due to the halo effect. The patients in the experimental group were also influenced by the 'social nudge effect' by increasing their step count and water intake. In addition, patients in the nudge group experienced an average reduction in HbA1c levels of 1.988 units, a statistically significant increase in HDL levels of 7.157 units and a decrease in LDL levels of 37.751 units between the first and third measurement. One patient was excluded from the study due to complications of retinopathy. In addition, the insulin expenditure of patients in the nudge group decreased from ₺8,711.89-₺12,224.74 to ₺5,543.93-₺7,779.38.
The nudge theory developed by Thaler and Sunstein is a theory that influences the decisions of individuals through minor adjustments in a predictable way without restricting their freedom of choice. The theory has been applied in many areas such as health, education and finance. This research was designed as a controlled intervention study to determine whether 'nudging,' implemented via an interactive mobile phone follow-up method, contributes to the monitoring and treatment of individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Although many studies have investigated nudge interventions in diabetic patients, no study has yet been found that looks at these interventions in an interactive way via mobile phones. The study thus fills a significant gap in the literature and offers a new perspective. A total of 59 patients were selected — 29 for the experimental group and 30 for the control group. The patients were given a questionnaire with demographic characteristics and the Health Belief Scale. The 'herd effect' was used to administer the questionnaire. In addition, patients in the experimental group were given a separate questionnaire on the 'halo effect'. The HbA1c, HDL and LDL blood levels of the two groups were monitored after 0, 3 and 6 months. Reminder messages were sent to the experimental group over a period of six months, and data was collected on the number of steps taken by the patients, daily water intake and regular intake of medication. The data from these reports were used to test the effect of social nudging. The data were analysed using the SPSS 30 software package. Each of the independent variables — HbA1c, HDL and LDL — was analysed separately. 'Time and groups' were selected for the variables with a fixed effect and 'patients' for the variables with a random effect. In the experimental group, the number of steps, water intake and regular medication intake were selected as covariates. The differences between the independent variables over time and between the groups were analysed using the linear mixed model (LMM). According to the results of the study, the herding effect was found to be valid in the experimental group that received the nudge intervention. After the researcher read the questions aloud, the average score of the patients in this group decreased from 19.33 to 19.13. In addition, all patients in this group agreed to participate in the study due to the halo effect. The patients in the experimental group were also influenced by the 'social nudge effect' by increasing their step count and water intake. In addition, patients in the nudge group experienced an average reduction in HbA1c levels of 1.988 units, a statistically significant increase in HDL levels of 7.157 units and a decrease in LDL levels of 37.751 units between the first and third measurement. One patient was excluded from the study due to complications of retinopathy. In addition, the insulin expenditure of patients in the nudge group decreased from ₺8,711.89-₺12,224.74 to ₺5,543.93-₺7,779.38.
Description
Keywords
Ekonomi, Economics
Turkish CoHE Thesis Center URL
Fields of Science
Citation
WoS Q
Scopus Q
Source
Volume
Issue
Start Page
End Page
175
