Kesirli Dereceden PID Kontrolcülerinin Farklı Tipteki Elektromekanik Sistemler Üzerindeki Performanslarının İncelenmesi
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Date
2024
Authors
Akson, Büşra
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Open Access Color
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Abstract
Bu tez çalışmasında, kesirli dereceden oransal-integral-türevsel (FOPID) kontrolörün performansının incelenmesi ve PID kontrolör ile karşılaştırılması amacıyla farklı tipteki elektromekanik sistemlerin çeşitli kontrolleri hem simülasyon ortamında hem de gerçek zamanlı olarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. İlk olarak, doğru akım (DC) motorunun simülasyon ortamında ve gerçek zamanlı olarak her iki kontrolör ile hız denetimi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Daha sonra, düzlemsel üç serbestlik dereceli (3-DOF) üç döner eklemli (3-RRR) paralel robot manipülatörünün PID kontrolör ve FOPID kontrolör ile simülasyon ortamında konum kontrolü yapılmıştır. Bunlara ek olarak ikili-tank sıvı seviye sisteminin her iki kontrolcü ile hem simülasyon ortamında hem de gerçek zamanlı olarak tank 1 için sıvı seviye kontrolü gerçekleştirilmiştir. DC motorun hız kontrolünün gerçekleştirilebilmesi için, gerçek zamanlı uygulamada kullanılan kalıcı mıknatıslı doğru akım motorunun (KMDAM) elektromekanik modellemesi yapılmış ve transfer fonksiyonu elde edilmiştir. Daha sonra konum kontrolü gerçekleştirilen düzlemsel 3-DOF 3-RRR paralel robot manipülatörünün kinematik analizi yapılmış ve referans verilen konuma gidebilmesi için gerekli olan eklem açıları ters kinematik analiz yardımıyla belirlenmiştir. Ardından ikili-tank sıvı seviye sisteminin matematiksel modellenmesi yapılmış ve sistemin transfer fonksiyonu elde edilmiştir. Bu elektromekanik sistemlerin kontrolü, MATLAB/Simulink ortamında yapılmıştır. Yapılan deneyler sonucunda elde edilen verilere göre, PID kontrolcü ve FOPID kontrolcü yerleşme zamanı, yükselme zamanı, tepe zamanı, aşım ve kararlı hal hatası bakımından karşılaştırılmıştır. Bu karşılaştırma sonucunda FOPID kontrolörün PID kontrolörüne göre daha geniş bir kontrol parametre alanına sahip olması ve sistem dinamiklerine daha uyumlu olması nedeniyle daha üstün bir performans sergilediği sonucuna varılmıştır.
In this thesis, the performance of a fractional-order proportional-integral-derivative (FOPID) controller was analyzed and compared with that of a PID controller by conducting various control applications on different types of electromechanical systems, both in simulation environments and in real-time. Initially, the speed control of a direct current (DC) motor was performed using both controllers in simulation and real-time environments. Subsequently, the position control of a planar three-degree-of-freedom (3-DOF) parallel robot manipulator with three revolute joints (3-RRR) was carried out in a simulation environment using both the PID and FOPID controllers. Additionally, liquid level control of a two-tank system for Tank 1 was implemented using both controllers in simulation and real-time environments. To enable the speed control of the DC motor, the electromechanical modeling of the permanent magnet direct current motor (PMDCM) used in the real-time application was performed, and its transfer function was obtained. Following this, the kinematic analysis of the planar 3-DOF 3-RRR parallel robot manipulator was conducted, and the joint angles required to reach the reference position were determined through inverse kinematics analysis. Furthermore, the mathematical modeling of the two-tank liquid level system was carried out, and the transfer functions of the system was derived. The control of these electromechanical systems was implemented in the MATLAB/Simulink environment. Based on the data obtained from the experiments, the PID and FOPID controllers were compared in terms of settling time, rise time, peak time, overshoot, and steady-state error. The results of this comparison indicated that the FOPID controller demonstrated superior performance compared to the PID controller due to its broader control parameter space and better adaptability to system dynamics.
In this thesis, the performance of a fractional-order proportional-integral-derivative (FOPID) controller was analyzed and compared with that of a PID controller by conducting various control applications on different types of electromechanical systems, both in simulation environments and in real-time. Initially, the speed control of a direct current (DC) motor was performed using both controllers in simulation and real-time environments. Subsequently, the position control of a planar three-degree-of-freedom (3-DOF) parallel robot manipulator with three revolute joints (3-RRR) was carried out in a simulation environment using both the PID and FOPID controllers. Additionally, liquid level control of a two-tank system for Tank 1 was implemented using both controllers in simulation and real-time environments. To enable the speed control of the DC motor, the electromechanical modeling of the permanent magnet direct current motor (PMDCM) used in the real-time application was performed, and its transfer function was obtained. Following this, the kinematic analysis of the planar 3-DOF 3-RRR parallel robot manipulator was conducted, and the joint angles required to reach the reference position were determined through inverse kinematics analysis. Furthermore, the mathematical modeling of the two-tank liquid level system was carried out, and the transfer functions of the system was derived. The control of these electromechanical systems was implemented in the MATLAB/Simulink environment. Based on the data obtained from the experiments, the PID and FOPID controllers were compared in terms of settling time, rise time, peak time, overshoot, and steady-state error. The results of this comparison indicated that the FOPID controller demonstrated superior performance compared to the PID controller due to its broader control parameter space and better adaptability to system dynamics.
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Elektrik ve Elektronik Mühendisliği, Electrical and Electronics Engineering
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WoS Q
Scopus Q
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100
