Stability and Morphology-Dependence of Sc3+ Ions Incorporation and Substitution Kinetics Within ZnO Host Lattice

Abstract

In this study, sol-gel spin coating route was carried out to prepare Scandium doped ZnO thin films with different controlled percentage (1-7%). Particularly, it has been demonstrated, through original conjoint morphological-structural and optical investigations, that some interesting physical properties were induced. Indeed, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis shows that (002) preferential crystalline plane for Sc doped ZnO films was kept along with ZnO hexagonal wurtzite structure, although Sc doping seemed to cause a decrease in crystallinity. Except for 1 at% Sc doping ratio, optical band gap changes reversely with Urbach energy with a decrease in optical gap and a broadening of the absorption tail. Ab-initio calculations of lattice dynamical properties outlined additional strong hybridization between Sc and O atoms and show the stability of Scandium doped ZnO. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.