Effect of Plantar Sensory Stimulation on Sensorimotor Organization in General Joint Hypermobility: A Randomized Controlled Study

Abstract

Background: Individuals with generalized joint hypermobility (GJH) often exhibit altered sensorimotor control, which may contribute to balance and proprioception deficits. This study investigated the effects of sensory training applied to the plantar surface on sensorimotor organization components, including light touch, vibration, two-point discrimination, proprioception, muscle strength, and balance, in individuals with GJH. Methods: This randomized controlled trial included 65 asymptomatic individuals aged 18-25 years with a Beighton score of 5 or higher. The participants were randomly assigned to either the treatment (n = 32) or control (n = 33) group. The treatment group was given a 2-week home program that included plantar sensory training and an informative brochure on healthy foot care; the control group was given only the brochure. Light touch, two-point discrimination, vibration sense, proprioception, muscle strength, and balance parameters were assessed before and after the intervention. Results: Compared to the control group, the treatment group demonstrated significant improvements in light touch (p 0.05). The control group exhibited no meaningful pre-post changes. Conclusions: Sensory training directed at the plantar surface results in positive changes in various components of sensorimotor organization in individuals with GJH.